Managing Environmentally Conscious in Designing Closed-loop Supply Chain for the Paper Industry

High amounts of waste paper are disposed of every year in Iran posing the health hazard and environmental damages instead of being recovered. Collection, recovery and proper disposal of waste paper without damaging the environment need to design an efficient closed-loop supply chain network. The main objective of this paper is introducing a bi-objective, multi-echelon, multi-product and single-period logistics network design model in the paper industry while taking into the environmental issues. Alternative recovery options such as recycling with technology selection and energy recovery are considered simultaneously in this model. A life cycle assessment method ISO is utilized for quantifying the environmental impact along the closed-loop supply chain. The model is applied to an illustrative case study of the paper industry in East Azerbaijan of Iran and fuzzy goal programming method is used for solving the proposed bi-objective network optimization model. Also, sensitivity analysis of the proposed model is performed designing different scenarios.